
By Mark A. Leon | Charleston Daily
More than $6 trillion in federal spending flowed across the United States during the past 18 months, but a new study shows that those dollars are anything but evenly distributed.
A new analysis from SmartAsset examined federal spending from January 1, 2025, through June 30, 2026, across more than 3,100 counties and county equivalents. The study found that some communities received hundreds of billions of dollars in federal obligations, while others received comparatively little.
And South Carolina — particularly Columbia — stands out.
SmartAsset found that Richland County, home to Columbia, received approximately $122.2 billion in federal spending during the 18-month period, the highest total of any county in South Carolina. On a per-capita basis, Richland County also ranked first in the state, at approximately $281,025 per resident.
That puts Columbia in some impressive company nationally.
The biggest recipients
At the top of SmartAsset’s national list is Hennepin County, Minnesota, which includes Minneapolis. The county received approximately $286.1 billion in federal obligations during the study period — roughly 4.7% of the nearly $6 trillion tracked by SmartAsset.
Marion County, Indiana, home to Indianapolis, followed with approximately $217.8 billion, while Jefferson County, Kentucky, which includes Louisville, received approximately $196.9 billion.
Other communities posting extraordinarily large totals included:
- Cumberland County, Pennsylvania: $162.3 billion
- Cass County, North Dakota: $138.5 billion
- Richland County, South Carolina: $122.2 billion
- Los Angeles County, California: $118.9 billion
- Dane County, Wisconsin: $82.7 billion
- Hillsborough County, Florida: $77.6 billion
- Maricopa County, Arizona: $84.1 billion
The numbers demonstrate that federal spending is not simply concentrated in Washington or the nation’s largest coastal cities. Health care, defense, infrastructure, research, government contracts and other federally funded activities can make smaller or mid-sized communities major beneficiaries of federal dollars.
Columbia’s surprising position
For South Carolina, the Columbia area is the clear standout.
Richland County’s $122.2 billion in federal spending is more than five times the amount recorded by many other major South Carolina counties. The county’s position is tied to the region’s role as a major center for government, health care, infrastructure and other federally supported activity.
Charleston, Greenville and the state’s other major population centers do not approach Richland County’s total in the SmartAsset data.
That distinction is important because the study is measuring where federally funded activity takes place, not necessarily where the federal government sends money directly to local governments. SmartAsset’s methodology includes contracts, procurement, grants, direct payments and other forms of financial assistance. Federal employee payroll is excluded.
What about Charlotte?
Just across the state line, the Charlotte area presents an interesting contrast.
Mecklenburg County, home to Charlotte, recorded the lowest federal spending per capita among North Carolina counties, at approximately $6,930 per resident.
Meanwhile, Wake County, home to Raleigh, had the state’s largest total at approximately $16.1 billion.
That creates a notable divide between North Carolina’s two largest economic centers. Charlotte’s economy is heavily driven by banking, finance, corporate headquarters and private-sector activity, while Raleigh and Wake County benefit from a larger concentration of government, research and other federally connected activity.
The per-person numbers tell another story
Total spending is only part of the story.
Some of the most eye-catching numbers appear when federal spending is divided by population.
Brewster County, Texas, recorded approximately $700,181 per resident, the highest per-capita figure in the country. SmartAsset attributes much of that spending to border security and related infrastructure.
Cass County, North Dakota, home to Fargo, ranked near the top at approximately $686,338 per resident.
Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, recorded approximately $585,185 per resident, while Los Alamos County, New Mexico, reached nearly $488,000 per resident.
Those figures do not mean individual residents received that amount of money. Rather, they reflect the amount of federal funding committed to activity occurring within the county.
Why it matters
The SmartAsset study offers an unusual look at the economic footprint of the federal government.
A federal contract for infrastructure, a major health care payment, a defense project or a research grant can dramatically change the amount of federal money attributed to a community. In some places, that spending can represent a significant piece of the local economy.
For South Carolina, the standout is Columbia.
For North Carolina, Raleigh’s Wake County leads the state in total federal spending, while Charlotte’s Mecklenburg County sits at the bottom on a per-capita basis.
And nationally, the lesson is clear: the federal government’s economic reach extends far beyond Washington, D.C.From Minneapolis and Indianapolis to Columbia and Fargo, federal dollars are helping shape the economies of communities across the country.
As federal budget priorities continue to evolve, where those dollars go — and which communities depend on them — could become an increasingly important economic story.
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